Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Vitri Widyaningsih

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta

Abstract
Background: Indonesia faces challenges from the increasing burden from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs are now the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia, with increasing cost for treatment. Two of the main modifiable risk factors for NCDs are smoking and alcohol consumption, and can be the target for early intervention. This study aims to assess the prevalence and patterns of smoking and alcohol consumption among Indonesian male youth: one of the key population in NCDs prevention. Methods: Data from Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 was analyzed. A total of 13,079 male age 15-24 years old were interviewed, with relatively low missing data (0.05%). Smoking and alcohol consumption were obtained from questionnaire based interview. The IDHS 2017 further collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, including age, education, and area of residence. Results: The smoking prevalence among Indonesian male youth were 48.7%, with higher prevalence in rural area (50.5%) compared to urban area (47.2%). An alarming rate of 77.5% male youth had tried smoking, with almost 21% tried smoking during elementary school-age (<13 years old), and 75% tried smoking during secondary school-age (13-18 years old). Approximately 37% of male youth had drunk alcohol, although only less than 2% drank alcohol more than 30 days in the past three months. Similar to smoking, most (85.1%) of the male youth first tried drinking alcohol during school-aged years. Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption in Indonesia is relatively high, with school-aged children susceptible for initiation of smoking. Intervention to reduce these health-risk behavior should be aimed at school-aged children. School-based intervention intertwined with family and community support might be an effective strategy to reduce smoking and alcohol consumption among Indonesian male youth.

Keywords
noncommunicable disease, smoking, alcohol, male youth

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nL47PFCuZqhc

Corresponding Author
AISYAH ELLIYANTI

Institutions
1. Department of Medical physic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas
2. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Corresponding author : aelliyanti[at]med.unand.ac.id

Abstract
Background and purpose : Iodine is reported has antineoplastic effect on tumour. This study investigate the proliferation effect of three types of breast cancer cell lines after iodine (I2) , lugol and combination of both treatments. Materials and Methods : We used MCF7, SKBR3 and MDAMB 231 cell lines which represented luminal A, HER2+ and triple negative breast cancer subtypes. Those cells were treated with I2, lugol and combination of both. Cells proliferation was assed using colorimetric assay. Results : Cell proliferation rate of MDA MB321 cell which received combination of I2 and lugol with doses 1%, 0,1%, 0,01% are 2% ± 0%, 9% ± 1%, 10% ± 0% respectively. The treatment reduced cell proliferation significantly p<0.05 compare to I2 or lugol alone. Cell proliferation rate of MCF7 cell which received 20 nM, 40nM, 60nM of I2, lugol and combination of both are 39% ± 8%, 19% ± 8%, 11% ± 8%, 80% ± 59%, 8% ±10%, 11% ± 7%, 29% ± 15% respectively. Those treatments reduced cell proliferation rate in MCF7 significantly P<0.05. Iodine and lugol treatments in these doses show increase proliferation rate trend in SKBR3 cells. Conclusions: Iodine treatment reduced cell proliferation rate in triple negative and luminal A cell lines. Iodine might be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer cells depend on doses and types of cells. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of iodine in breast cancer.

Keywords
breast cancer, anti-neoplastic, MCF7, SKBR3, MDAMB321

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qVJZXhGmaW9N

Corresponding Author
Arum Kartikadewi

Institutions
1 Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Jl Kedungmundu Raya 18 Semarang
2 Faculty of Mathemathics and Natural Science Universitas Negreri Semarang
Jl Raya Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang

Abstract
Type 2 Diabetic (T2DM) often accompanied with several metabolic syndrome such as hypertension. Blood pressure (BP) can interfere the Fasting blood glucose ( FBG) control, but this correlation in Javanese T2DM population never been explored. The aim of the study is to prove the correlation between BP and FBG among the Javanese T2DM population. The Study was analytic observation with cross-sectional approach. Consecutive sampling was done to Javanese T2DM patient of PROLANIS at Primary Health Care in Semarang. Age more than 70 years and Cardiovascular accident history (stroke, coronary heart disease) was excluded from sample. BP was measured by digital sphygmomanometer. BP stage was defined based on JNC VII. FBG was measured by GOD PAP method. FBG control was defined based on ADA Recommendation. Controlled FBG ranged between 90-130 mg/dL while uncontrolled FBG if the FBG was < 90 mg/dL or > 130 mg/dL. The differences between BP and FBG control was analyzed with Chi square and the correlation was analyzed with Kendall-s Tau About 97 Javanese T2DM were enrolled this study. There are 52 (53,61%) uncontrolled FBG and 45 (46,39%) controlled FBG. About 9,27 % uncontrolled FBG was Hypertension (HT) stage 2; 19,58 % was HT stage 1; 19,58 % was pre hypertension and 5,15% was normal BP. While, about 8,24 % controlled FBG was HT stage 2; 21,40% was HT stage 1; 13,40% was pre hypertension and 3,09% was normal BP. There was no significant difference in BP stage and FBG control (p=0,773) and no correlation between BP stage and FBG control (p=0,401)

Keywords
Fasting Blood Glucose Control, Blood pressure, T2 DM, Javanese ethnic

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DfgAuvckYrd6

Corresponding Author
Yanuarita Tursinawati

Institutions
1Medical Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing every year. The incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is in line with the level of obesity. Obesity can be measured through the body mass index (BMI). Age and gender also effect on the incidence of T2DM. Diabetic patients should meet their fasting plasma glucose target levels to avoid the risk of complications. Purpose: This study is to evaluate the correlation between age, gender, and BMI with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as a parameter of glycemic control among Javanese T2DM patients. Methods: This study involved 97 T2DM patients who were registered at primary health care centers around Semarang who fulfilled inclusion criteria such as 30-70 years old Javanese individuals. Blood samples were taken to measure fasting plasma glucose levels, while BMI was obtained from anthropometric measurements. Correlation between Age and BMI and FPG was evaluated using Kendall-s tau b test. Meanwhile, the correlation between age and gender with FPG was analyzed using chi-square with p <0.05 as a significant result. Results: Most of the subjects were more than 60 years old (44.3 %), female (72.2%), poor glycemic control (57.7 %) and obese condition (49.5 %). There was no significant relationship between age (0.961), gender (0.968) and BMI (p=0.086) with FPG among Javanese T2DM patients. Conclusion: Age, Gender and Body Mass Index does not contribute to the level of Fasting Plasma Glucose among Javanese T2DM patients.

Keywords
Age, Gender, Body Mass Index, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZJEcrWxztav8

Corresponding Author
Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti

Institutions
1) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University
2) Department of Public Health, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: Continous surveillance of DENV tranmission pattern is undoubtedly important to provide proper input to the dengue prevention and control programme. However, the DENV transmission pattern in outbreak event is still under research. This information is crucial for dengue outbreak preparedness, particularly in dengue endemic area Purpose: This study interested to analyse the spatio temporal distribution of dengue cases during outbreak event in the area of study Methods This is cross sectional study which conducted in Banyumas Regency, Central Java Indonesia. 404 of dengue cases coordinates during 2016 outbreak in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia were collected. Data was analysis using overlay technique spatial analysis, consist of analysis of point pattern method, Nearest Neighbour Index, convex hulls and cluster analysis of illness date with SatScan software. Results: Two clusters area were identified during outbreak, with the initial place of outbreak is surprisingly occured in the border area, assuming that human movement and imported cases might play role in dengue outbreak event. Based Nearest Neighbour Index analysis, distribution pattern of outbreak in the study area is clustered. This could be as consequence of limited flight range of Aedes sp mosquito, high density population and breeding site of mosquitoes. Conclusion: Information from our study highlighted where and when public health resources should be concentrated to control dengue transmission. Our study also suggested that besides the hotspot area, we need to aware other areas with high risk of imported cases such as border area.

Keywords
dengue virus, spatial, temporal, aedes

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7xt3nuaMYTFZ

Corresponding Author
JERRY VILLARUEL MANLAPAZ, RN, EdD, PhD

Institutions
1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Senior High School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines

Abstract
Background: Dengue has always been a major public health problem in the Philippines and is endemic in all regions of the country. Because of the growing number of incidence of dengue in the country, many were convinced to vaccinate their children with anti-dengue vaccine. Dengvaxia is an anti-dengue vaccine licensed and approved for use by the government in December 2015. However, the second quarter of 2016 saw uproar and issues about the vaccine, causing panic and fear among parents of the vaccinees. Immediate suspension of the vaccine was ordered due to the multiple controversies following the Dengvaxia issue. Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to identify and describe the experiences of the parents who have children vaccinated with Dengvaxia. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative Hermeneutic phenomenological research design. Using a semi structured interview guide questionnaire, a total of 14 parents of Dengvaxia-vaccinated children were purposively selected and interviewed. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi-s phenomenological method in data analysis. Results: The experiences of the parents revealed four themes and fifteen categories. These themes are as follow: drives for participation, emotional disequilibrium, damage controls, and the phenomenon aftermath. Conclusion: Parents experienced difficult times emotionally, psychologically and physically especially at the height of the controversy while focusing on the health and well-being of their children. The mental trauma faced by the parents due to the fear for their children-s lives was an adversity that they had to hurdle through. The entire experience put uncertainties towards the immunization programs of the government but the lessons learned from the experience exhibited every family-s resilience in the midst of the controversy.

Keywords
Keywords: Dengvaxia, experiences, parents

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AUg8znXGdvDP

Corresponding Author
ARWAN SETYO NUGROHO

Institutions
a) Master student of Epidemiology Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
b) Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
*email : erniastutik[at]fkm.unair.ac.id

Abstract
Background of the study : As we get older, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is increasing. Hypertension is often at the age of 45-65 years because at that age many people can not do a healthy lifestyle. Goal : This study aims to determine the factors associated with hypertension in the elderly in Indonesia. Method : This study uses secondary data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 data with cross sectional study design. The number of samples was 5401 with the inclusion criteria of respondents aged (45-59 years) who had complete data on the variables studied namely: age, gender, smoking habits, consuming fast food, physical activity and BMI. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Result : The results showed that age (AOR (54-54) - (45-49) = 1.36, 95% CI 1.16-1.60 p = 0.000 AOR (55-59) - (45-49) = 1 , 62, 95% CI 1.37-1.92 p = 0.000), women (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.42-2.14 p = 0.000), smoking status (AOR ever smoked = 1, 98, 95% CI 1.48-2.66 p = 0,000 AOR Never Smoking = 1.49 95% CI 1.19-1.87 p = 0,000) Obesity (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.62-2.38 p = 0.000) has a significant relationship with the incidence of pre-elderly hypertension in Indonesia. Conclusion: There is a need for a hypertension prevention program carried out by the ministry of health to the community through existing health workers. And it is necessary to strengthen the delivery of information related to health promotion about the prevention of hypertension in the pre-elderly in the community.

Keywords
Hypertension, IFLS, Indonesia, Pre-elderly

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KWfUgXrAGxaE

Corresponding Author
Nor Azwany Yaacob

Institutions
1Department of Community Medicine, 2 Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Abstract
Background: Readiness to change behaviour is important to ensure effectiveness of therapeutic lifestyle change advice. Readiness to change diet and exercise was observed to be different in same individual. Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess readiness level to change diet and exercise. Methods: This is a cross sectional community based study. The questionnaire was developed based on Trans-theoretical model and literature reviews. READI questionnaire consists of two parts, readiness to change diet habit and to do exercise. Each set of self-administered questionnaire consist of 12 items; with 4 items for each behaviour change stage as subdomain; pre-contemplation, contemplation and action. Three response choice of “do not agree”, “less agree” and “agree” was used. Validity study was conducted at health community program on 100 villagers. Confirmatory factor analysis was done to assess construct validity for each questionnaire. Reliability was tested using Raykov-s Rho. Result: The factor loading range of both set was acceptable ranging from 0.22 to 0.81 for exercise questionnaire and 0.30 – 0.89 for diet, respectively. Raykov-s Rho for READI-Diet were 0.71, 074 and 0.83 while READI-Exercise were to 0.68, 0.62 and 0.72 for pre-contemplation, contemplation and action subdomain respectively. Conclusion: The READI questionnaire is a potential tool to assess readiness to change diet and exercise for a Malay speaking population.

Keywords
Readiness to change, Questionnaire, diet, exercise

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uZG3kpybrnm7

Corresponding Author
Rauza Sukma Rita

Institutions
1)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan No.94 Jati, Padang, Indonesia
*Corresponding author : (rauzasukmarita[at]med.unand.ac.id)
2) Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas, Padang, Indonesia
3) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
4) Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Abstract
Background : Hyperglycemia in diabetes melitus may leads oxydative stress and complications, either acute and chronic complications. Management of hyperglycemia is important to prevent bad effect of diabetes condition. Cathechin isolates from gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) consists of high amount of antioxidant and may help to prevent hyperglycemia. Purpose : This study aim to examine the effect of catechin isolates from Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) on fasting blood glucose and glucagon serum level in rat induced-by alloxan. Methods : This study was an experimental research with Post Test Only Control Group Design and conducted on 35 male rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups. First group was considered as negative control group. Second group was considered as positive control group and induced by alloxan (150 mg/kg BW). Third, fourth, and fifth groups were considered as treated group 1, 2, and 3 (T1, T2, T3), also induced by alloxan, and were treated with different doses of catechin isolates for each group (10 mg/kg/day, 20 mg/kg/day, and 40 mg/kg/day). Catechin isolates were administered orally for 2 weeks. In the last day of experiment, fasting blood glucose and glucagon serum level were measured. Results : Catechin isolates decreased fasting blood glucose and glucagon serum level in rat induced-by alloxan significantly, but not in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion : Catechin isolates decreased blood glucose level by inhibiting glucagon serum level.

Keywords
cathecin isolates, alloxan, fasting blood glucose, glucagon, diabetes melitus

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VyKU9xjnXYED

Corresponding Author
Masita Wulandari Suryoputri

Institutions
1) Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University
2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University
3) Academic Hospital, Gadjah Mada University

Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures recurrence. Most cases of epilepsy in children at age 1-6 years (46,5%), 6-10 years (29,1%), 10-18 years (16,28%) and 0-1 years (8,14%). The high prevalence of epilepsy children can lead to many use of antiepileptic drugs, is one of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid. Valproic acid is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index therapeutic range of 50-100 mg/L. The use of children aged < 2 years are at greater risk of toxic to the pancreas and liver. That requires monitoring and dose adjustments to prevent toxic effects. Monitoring TDM (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring) can be done through a review of pharmacokinetics to estimate the therapeutic dose levels of the drug by the patient. So known drug levels in the blood and associated with therapeutic results obtained. This study is a retrospective study with a descriptive analysis of the observational design. Research subject is a child epilepsy patients with valproic acid monotherapy period January 2009 - December 2013 aged 2-14 years, men and women who are hospitalized. The results observed therapy is seizure-free duration (< 6 months and ≥ 6 months). The results of this study were 24 patients (48%) corresponding to the therapeutic range (50-100 mg/L) and 26 patients (52%) were not in accordance with the therapeutic range (<50 mg/L or >100 mg/L). Clinical outcomes was assessed based on the duration of seizure free patients showed 37 patients (74%) gave good outcome and 13 patients (26%) gave a por outcome.

Keywords
Epilepsy, valproic acid, dose evaluation, estimate levels, outcome clinic.

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jwFWLJzAdchC

Corresponding Author
JERRY VILLARUEL MANLAPAZ, RN, EdD, PhD

Institutions
1Colegio de Sta. Lourdes of Leyte Foundation, Inc. Philippines
2Senior High School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines

Abstract
Background: Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a slow, progressive disease currently infecting over 200 million people worldwide and results in approximately 25 million disability-adjusted life years lost. It is a chronic wasting disease that is not only a public health concern but also a socio-economic problem and it is one of the most important tropical diseases in the Philippines. Twelve regions in the country are endemic for Schistosomiasis, affecting 28 of the 79 provinces, with 1,152 endemic villages in 169 municipalities. Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to identify and describe the experiences of the adult clients diagnosed with Schistosomiasis. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative Hermeneutic phenomenological research design. Using a semi structured interview guide questionnaire, a total of 10 adult clients diagnosed with Schistosomiasis were purposively selected and interviewed. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi-s phenomenological method in data analysis. Results: Four (4) themes and eight (8) categories emerged from the study: theme 1 dimensions of health with categories, work related and physical symptoms, theme 2 disequilibrium with categories feeling apprehension, financial difficulties, and social stigma, theme 3 ways of coping with categories consultations and taking of prescribed medicines and family support, and theme 4 faith in God. Conclusion: The participants experienced various signs and symptoms from being sick with Schistosomiasis. Aside from this, they also felt apprehension and isolation. The participants employed various strategies to improve their health and well-being that enabled them to manage the different signs and symptoms associated with the disease. The participants also recounted the changes in their lives before and after getting sick and how they coped with Schistosomiasis.

Keywords
Schistosomiasis, adult clients, experiences

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kXYHC9cq7ean

Corresponding Author
Martini Martini

Institutions
Public Health Faculty of Diponegoro University

Abstract
Semarang city is one of the areas in Central Java Province with increasing number of DHF cases from 2011-2015. The aim of this was to describe the dengue virus strain and host characteristics of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)-s suspect on three health facilities in Semarang City. This cross sectional design used variables of virus strain, patient characteristic, blood type, domicile, and the result of diagnose. The samples were 67 respondents with certain criteria. The number of 21 respondents who were detected DHF examined by PCR to know dengue virus strain. The data was analyzed using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis. The result showed that respondents who were diagnosed with DHF were mostly male 34.3%; age range around children 35.3%; blood type O, 8 out of 21 respondents and the dengue virus stereotype that was found was DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4.

Keywords
DHF, Dengue virus, RT-PCR

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BykEKVZQ2H4L

Corresponding Author
Rosa Delima Ekwantini

Institutions
Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

Abstract
Post-spinal anesthesia hypotension is the most common incident, approximately 15 - 33% with each spinal anesthetic injection (Mercier et al., 2013).Post – spinal anesthesia hypotension was influenced by several factors, there were sympathetic block nerve height, patient position, Body Mass Index, length of operation, prehydration fluid, location of stabbing, and used of vasopressor. The aim of study to investigated the factors that most influence of hypotension in patients with spinal anesthesia.This retrospective study was carried out 80 medical records with purposive sampling at Soeradji Tirtonegoro Hospital Klaten, Center of Java. The data collected includes symphatetic block nerve height, patient position, Body Mass Index, length of operation, prehydration fluid, location of stabbing, and used of vasopressor. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression test. Incidence of hipotension in patient with spinal anesthesia was 56.25%. Factors influencing hypotension were sympathetic block height (OR = 3.391; 95% CI = 1.121-10.262), BMI (OR = 4,166; 95% CI = 1,625-10,676), prehydrated fluid (OR = 0.339; 95% CI = 0.135 -0,850), location of stabbing (OR = 0,136; CI 95% = 0,016-1,145) and use of vasopressors (OR = 0,303; CI 95% = 0,116-0,789) with p <0,05, while position factors and duration of operation have no effect . The factors that most influenced incidence of hypotension in patients with spinal anesthesia are prehydration fluids with a significance value of 0.002 and Exp (B) 8.221. Factors that influence the incidence of hypotension in patients with spinal anesthesia were namely sympathetic block height, BMI, prehydration fluid, location of stabbing, and use of vasopressors.

Keywords
Spinal Anesthesia, Hypotension, Influence Factors

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Yfw2bAzun7EL

Corresponding Author
JERRY VILLARUEL MANLAPAZ, RN, EdD, PhD

Institutions
1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Senior High School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila

Abstract
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) damages the immune system which leads to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the most advanced stage of HIV infection. Past researches claim that most individuals are aware about HIV but lacks in-depth knowledge and understanding about it. Senior High School students were included to further assess their level of knowledge on HIV. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge among senior high school students on HIV and its relationship with the demographic profile. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive correlational study. The total sample for this study was 279 Grade 12 Health Allied Senior High School students. The level of knowledge data were collected using a Brief Self Report HIV-Related Knowledge Questionnaire (HIV-KQ-18). Statistical analyses were conducted using the Frequency and Percentage and the Chi-Square Test. Results: The results showed that internet and social media were the most common sources of information about HIV. Respondent-s level of knowledge on the HIV was generally "good". Age significantly influence the level of knowledge of the respondents (p= 0.039). No relationship between gender, source of information and level of knowledge was found. Conclusion Internet plays a vital role in disseminating information on HIV among the students, and age influences the level of knowledge on HIV. The study recommends creating programs in educating students in order to improve the level of knowledge about HIV.

Keywords
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), knowledge, senior high school

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CMjF4V7UwQcP

Corresponding Author
JERRY VILLARUEL MANLAPAZ, RN, EdD, PhD

Institutions
1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Senior High School Department, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines

Abstract
Background: Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection acquired through flood water mixed with the urine or other wastes that come from animals. In the National Capital Region, 1,227 cases were recorded by the Department of Health from January 1 to August 20, 2018. This study was conducted in a selected community in Quezon City, Philippines located along San Juan River where most of the flood water overflows. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the level of knowledge, attitude and practices among residents in a selected Barangay Quezon City towards leptospirosis and investigate if there is a correlation between these variables. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive correlational study. The total sample for this study was 318 community residents. The data were collected using an adopted KAP (Knowledge, Attitude and Practice) questionnaire by Arbiol et al., 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted using Frequency and Percentage, Mean, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results: The findings showed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of the respondents are the following: knowledge (92.36%), attitude (87.74%), and practices (57.26%) The Pearson correlation model identified a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (t =2.294), attitude and practice (t =2.984); however, there is no significant relationship between knowledge and practice (t =0.360). Conclusion: There is a correlation between knowledge and attitude, attitude and practice. However, there is no correlation between knowledge and practice. This study recommends a health program targeting the population-s level of practices on leptospirosis.

Keywords
Leptospirosis, knowledge, attitudes, practice

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/78mfUcKvk6PB

Corresponding Author
Rakhmat Ari Wibowo

Institutions
a) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*rakhmatari[at]mail.ugm.ac.id

Abstract
Background: Exercise prescription is one of the essential cornerstones for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, many type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have been reported as not engaging in proper exercise regimens due to the absence of assessment of their cardiorespiratory fitness level. Objective: This study aimed to test the accuracy of a mobile application in measuring heart rate and walking distance during a six-minute walk test among diabetic patients. Methods: We performed a validation study of a mobile application in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Thirty-five participants performed a six-minute walk test using a mobile application. The distance estimated by the application was compared to the measured distance. In addition, the heart rate before the test and at the end of 6 minutes measured by the application was compared to the measured heart rate by pulse oximetry. The mobile application work with contact photoplethysmography in measuring heart rate and global positioning system in measuring walking distance. Results: Walking distance and heart rate measurement using a mobile application correlated well with measured distance (r=0.898) and pulse oximetry, r=0.943 for heart rate before the test and r=0.953 for heart rate at the end of 6 minutes. The accuracy of the heart rate and walking distance measurements by application, reported in mean absolute error were 4.14 /pm 0.94 bpm for heart rate measurement before the test, 4.46 /pm 0.93 for heart rate measurement at the end of 6 minutes, and 27.58 /pm 6.20 meter. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that an Android-based smartphone application yields accurate heart rate and walking distance measurements during a six-minute walk test. Thus, a mobile application may be suitable for self-assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Keywords
cardiorespiratory fitness; exercise; mobile application; six-minute walk test; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qvjJEQNmDUkg

Corresponding Author
DHIA IRFAN HANIF

Institutions
FACULTY OF PUBLIC HEALTH, AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY

Abstract
Hypertension is a disease that requires long-term treatment, so it takes the regularity of the sufferer in undergoing treatment to control blood pressure and lower the risk of complications. The regularity of drinking hypertension in Puskesmas (Health Center) Ngletih in 2018 was 16% and the irregularities of drinking hypertension amounted to 84%. The purpose of this research is to describe the ownership relationship of JKN and the behavior of smoking with the regularity of taking medication in patients with hypertension. The method used in research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The research population is 661 patients. Large sample of 85 respondents by way of accidental sampling. Data analysis is carried out using the univariate and bivariate analyses (Chi-square). The results of the analysis are the ownership of JKN (P < 0,005; 95% CI = 2.064 – 5.142) and Smoking behavior (p < 0,005; 95% CI = 2.173 – 5.392) related to the regularity of drinking drugs with hypertension in undergoing treatment. Conclusion on this research is the ownership of JKN and smoking behaviour related to the regularity of medication in patients with hypertension in Puskesmas Ngletih Kediri City

Keywords
Hypertension, Drug Drinking Regularity, JKN Ownership, Smoking Behavior

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NtywTzpMRc2e

Corresponding Author
KRISTINA L. TOBING

Institutions
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TBC) a health problem in the community because the method of transmission is very fast and can lead to resistance if it is not treated quickly. Indonesia is the third largest contributor to TBC in the world after China. The results of the study of TB prevalence in Indonesia in 2013-2014 found the prevalence of TBC for all types and ages 660 per 100,000 population and it is estimated that there are 1,600,000 people with TB. In the Minister of Health Regulation Number 67, in 2016 it is stated that the diagnosis of tuberculosis is used by theMRT method. Objective: The purpose of this article is to find out a description of the pattern of MRT examination referrals in health facilities. Methode: Cross sectional study design, total sample 33,630 cases. This study is a further analysis of data from the Evaluation Study of Diagnosis of TB with TCM in Indonesia, 2018. Data sources were individual data of patients who performed MRT examinations from 44 health facilities (42 hospitals and 2 health centers) in 42 districts / cities in 26 provinces. Data analysis with univariate and crostabulation. Results: The total sample was 33,630 cases from 44 health facilities. There is an increase in the frequency of MRT examinations every years, from 178 in 2014 until 17,284 in July 2018. Most patients who refer MRT examinations come from internal facilities (71.5%), then from Puskesmas (18.7%), other hospitals ( 5.8%) and at least from independent / clinical doctors (3.3%). The purpose of conducting referrals to MRT examinations is mostly for examination of new pulmonary tuberculosis (76.1%), then drug resistant tuberculosis (19.8%), HIV-Tuberculosis (3.2%) and the least is DM-Tuberculosis (1.0 %). Conclusion: The total number of MRT examinations increases every years from 2014 until 2018. Referral to MRT examinations mostly comes from internal facilities and at least from public private sektor (medical doktor)/clinicians. The most average of MRT examination from the referral facility is for new pulmonary tuberculosis examination. The use of MRT for the purpose of examining HIV-TBC and DM-TBC is very low, ranging from 0.6-4.0%. Keywords: tuberculosis, molecular rapid test, hospital, health facilities

Keywords
Tuberculosis, molecular rapid test, health facilities, hospital

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/b7w84nGvWexu

Corresponding Author
Imran Ahmad

Institutions
a) School of Medical Sciences
b) School of Dental Sciences

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Continuation of drug use refers to any use of drugs among patients receiving methadone treatment in health clinics. Methadone maintenance treatment is provided for people with addiction to opioids as a part of harm reduction programme, especially reduction in transmission of HIV. OBJECTIVES: This study is to determine the prevalence of continuation of illicit drug use and its associated factors among patients attending methadone clinics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2018 involving patients attending methadone clinics in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was employed. The data were collected using the questionnaires for demographic data, Hatta Islamic Religiosity Score (HIRS) 96, WHOQOL-BREF (Malay version) and also from patients- clinic files. Data were analysed by single and multiple logistic regressions using SPSS version 24. RESULTS: A total of 150 patients were involved with a response rate of 94.3%. The prevalence of continuation of drug-use was 38.7% (n=58) and 40.7% (n=61), as measured by self-reported drug use within the last 30 days and by urine test positive for drugs, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being Hepatitis C-infected [OR (95% CI: 0.45 (0.21, 0.95)] and higher quality of life score in the domain of psychological health [OR (95% CI: 0.98 (0.95, 1.00)] were associated with reduced continuation of drug use by self-reported use. While for urine positive for drugs, being Hepatitis C-infected [OR (95% CI: 0.27 (0.12, 0.62)] and higher quality of life score in the domain of physical health [OR (95% CI: 0.97 (0.94, 0.99)] were associated with reduced continuation of drug use. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of continuation of drug use among patients attending methadone clinics in Kelantan was high. Those with positive Hepatitis C status and those who scored higher in quality of life in the domain of physical and psychological health, were found to have reduced risk for continuation of illicit drug use.

Keywords
illicit drug use; methadone clinics, protective factors

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vkBxHbu2ZEtX

Corresponding Author
Nilisrianggi S.KM

Institutions
Universitas Airlangga

Abstract
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE DISEASES STROKE IN PRODUCTIVE AGE IN INDONESIA, 2014 (STUDY USING IFLS 5 SECONDARY DATA) Nilisrianggi1, Santi Martini2 1Master program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University 2Departement of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University ABSTRACT Background: According to World Health Organization, more than two-thirds (70%) of the global population will die from non-communicable diseases such as cancer, heart disease, stroke and diabetes. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia based on diagnosis in the population aged> 15 years from 2013-2018 has increased for stroke sufferers. Aim: This study aims to analyze the risk factors that influence stroke in the productive age group in Indonesia in 2014. Method: The research design was a cross sectional observational analytic study. This study was carried out in Indonesia using secondary data from the Fifth wave Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS5). The dependent variable was stroke, while the independent variables were age, gender, smoking status and history of hypertension. The sample was the population aged> 15-59 years (productive age) Results: Respondents who are aged 51-59 years are 1.6 times at risk of stroke, Males are 0.14 times less at risk compared to Female, Smokers are 1.6 times at risk of stroke compared with respondents who have never smoked and Respondents who are at risk of hypertension are 2.5 times at risk of stroke compared with respondents who are not hypertensive. Conclusion: There is a high influence of age, gender, smoking history and hypertension on the incidence of stroke. Keywords: Risk Factors, Stroke, IFLS

Keywords
Risk factors, Stroke, IFLS

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/c8BAPghEedHn

Corresponding Author
Nikson Sitorus

Institutions
National Institute of Health Research and Development ,Centre for Research and Development of Public Health Efforts, MoH, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: Quality of life (QoL) related to health is an important aspect in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Purpose : This study aims to find a relationship between blood pressure and QoL of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by controlling other variables. Methods: A Cross-sectional study of DM patients in the city of Bogor who were community-based participants with the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The QOL data were collected using DM Quality of Life modification questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using logistic reggresion. Results: From the research conducted on 144 people with diabetes mellitus, more than half of the patients had hypertension (68.1%), adults aged 25-60 years (69.4%), women (79.9%), low education with less than 12 years of education year (62.5%), not working formally (66.0%), having a partner (77.8%), and getting treatment (75.7%). The quality of life of patients is balanced between good and poor quality of life (50%). Based on the results of the bivariate test, blood pressure, education, and the presence of partners had a significant relationship to quality of life (p <0.05). Based on multivariate test results, the OR value for blood pressure does not increase or decrease by more than 10% in the full model or partially, this indicates that the effect of pressure on quality of life is relatively stable (OR = 0.293). People with DM who are not hypertensive are protective factors against poor quality of life. The multivariate final model shows that the variable that greatly influences the quality of life is education (OR = 3.63). Conclusion: Blood pressure, education and the existence of partners have a significant relationship to the QoL of patients with Diabetes Mellitus (p <0.05). Age, sex, occupation and therapy were not statistically related (p> 0.05).

Keywords
Quality of Life, Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xDdR37vgbfBN

Corresponding Author
Aliyatul Aeni

Institutions
1) Department of Nursing, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
2) Department of Nursing, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia

Abstract
Background: Hypertension therapy requires long-term treatment. Elderly with hypertension experience stressors affecting adherence of hypertension therapy both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. The factor that may affecting adherence is emotion. One of emotional intelligence dimension is self-awareness. However, very few studies have evaluated self-awareness of elderly with hypertension and its association with adherence of hypertension therapy. Purpose: This study therefore aimed to assess the relationship between self-awareness and adherence of hypertension therapy towards elderly with hypertension in Puskesmas Purwokerto Utara 2. Methods: A correlational cross-sectional study of 64 elderly with hypertension selected through simple random sampling. The study conducted in working area Puskesmas Purwokerto Utara 2. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaires consisting of Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS) and the Lifestyle Modification Adherence Questionnaire were used for data collection. Spearman test was used to determine correlation between self-awareness and adherence of hypertension therapy. Result: The result showed that the mean score of self-awareness was 74.66 from range score 25-100. The mean score of adherence hypertension therapy was 67.89 from range score 23-92. There was a significant correlation between self-awareness and adherence of hypertension therapy towards elderly with hypertension (p=0.000). The results obtained r = 0,651. Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that there is a positive correlation between self-awareness and adherence of hypertension therapy. Therefore, elderly with hypertension has higher self-awareness would be more adherence to hypertension therapy.

Keywords
Adherence, elderly, hypertension, self-awareness

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FQu8a2UHCnh9

Corresponding Author
Annisa Hidayati

Institutions
1) Magister Student of Epidemiology Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
*annisa.hidayati-2018[at]fkm.unair.ac.id
2) Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
*santi-m[at]fkm.unair.ac.id

Abstract
Background: Indonesia is ranked the 4th largest in the use of cigarettes in the world after China, USA, and Russia. The number of cigarettes smoked in Indonesian population over 10 years old is 12,8 cigarettes per day on average. Understanding the risk factors associated with cigarettes smoked is essential for designing effective intervention strategies. Purpose: The aim of the study was to use sub-nationally representative survey data to examine the risk factors of cigarettes smoked in Indonesian adolescents Methods: We examined the risk factors associated with cigarettes smoked, collected from 4410 respondents aged between 10 years and 20 years in the 2014 fifth wave Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS 5). Results: Cigarettes smoking was higher in families were there was smoker parent than non-smoker parent (p-value<0,049; OR = 1,38; 95%CI = 1,00 < OR < 1,92). The prevalence cigarettes smoking in Indonesian Adolescents was 48,59% in adolescent boys and 51,41% in adolescent girls which was far greater than the national prevalence of 7.2% among adolescents. Parent cigarette smoking history had a significant influence on the adolescent cigarette smoking. Conclusion: Adolescent were more vulnerable to have cigarettes smoking habit as a behavior induced from their parents. Substantial effort should be given to adolescents to create awareness about the side effects of cigarettes smoking.

Keywords
adolescents; cigarettes smoking; parents; risk factors

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6q8mwVXNv7Ed

Corresponding Author
Luxi Riajuni Pasaribu

Institutions
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia

Abstract
Background Female Sex Worker (FSW) in Indonesia also has high-risk behavior to STIs and HIV. Gonorrhoea (GO) is one of the major infections. The AIDS and STI program has many approaches to tackle and WHO suggests correct and consistent use of condoms programme. However, there are many conditions that can affect the practice of the programme. The aim of this paper is to describe risks factors to GO prevalence among FSW in 3 cities. Method The data that analyzed originated from cross sectional study of GO resistancies and the respondents were 880 FSW chosen by cluster random sampling from Tangerang, Palembang, and East Jakarta in 2012. Endocervical swab were collected from respondents. The Diagnosis of gonorrhea confirmed in accordance with the results of microscopic examination after being given Gram staining, as well as culture on Jembec media to confirm. Demographic and behavioral data collected through structured questionnaire. Result The prevalence of GO among respondents was 25.8% (227/880). Demographic characteristics of respondents were mostly at age range 18-63 (96.14%), mostly direct sex worker (82.39%), almost half were Junior High School graduated (42.27%), and 63.75% divorced. Some demographic data related to the highest prevalence of GO were among direct FSW there was 28.4% cases (p=0.001), among FSW younger than 18 old years there was 47.06% cases (p=0.006), among not married and divorced there were 31.75% and 27.99% cases (p=0.001 and p=0.002), and among Junior High School graduated FSW there were 31.18% cases (p=0.012). Relation between behavior and GO were found on sex debut before 17 years old (p=0.024), condom use in the last week (p=0.017), and multi-ways of sex intercourse (p=0.041). Health promotion that was given by pimps and Outreach worker has no strong relation to GO cases. There is possibility of drug resistance that triggered by self-prescribed prophylactic antibiotic use, together with inconsistent condom use has cause high GO prevalence. Conclusion Risk factors from demographic and behavior ailments still impacting GO cases among FSW. There is urgent need to educate them to protect themselves besides reducing the younger FSW approaching. Although program has been carried out, there is a trend of more unprotective the condom use to GO cases. A comprehensive STIs-HIV prevention program is required.

Keywords
condom use, female sex worker, Gonorrhoea, risk factors, Indonesia

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BENxrJTuMAd4

Corresponding Author
lucky herawati lucky herawati

Institutions
1,2 Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3 Leader of the “Kiran” Cancer Foundation in Islamabad Pakistan
4 NILOP Nanomedicine Research Labs (NNRL) affiliated with Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Science (PIAS) Islamabad Pakistan

Abstract
The increase in the number of patients, visiting to the clinic with an indication of lung cancer are thought to be due to the age of smokers getting earlier. The severity of the disease is not only due to late diagnosis but also because patients who have been diagnosed with lung cancer do not stop smoking. Based on research, in patients with post-lung cancer diagnosis, 51% continue to smoke. This descriptive study aims to determine the characteristics of lungs clinic patients, their smoking behavior and the correlation of both. Respondents were the patients of the lungs clinic who still smoked. The number of respondents were 55 patients, coming from 3 Hospitals in Yogyakarta Indonesia and 1 Hospital in Islamabad Pakistan, which were taken by incidental sampling. Data were analyzed and presented descriptively. The results showed that the average age of respondents was 48 years, 40% had senior high school education and 67.3% worked as entrepreneurs, private employees and laborers. They smoked 12 cigarettes / day in average for 27 years. There is a correlation between age and duration of smoking (r = 0.755, p value 0,000), and there is a correlation between their job and the average number of cigarettes smoked / day (r = -0.266, p value 0.05). There is no correlation between education level with smoking behavior and there is no correlation between respondent characteristics with respondents knowledge about smoking and lung cancer. The results of this study are expected to trigger the efforts of interested parties to focus more on lung clinic patients who smoke and ultimately can prevent lung cancer.

Keywords
smoking behaviour, lungs clinic, patient

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7xLmuM24XyNB

Corresponding Author
SUNARYO SUNARYO

Institutions
* 1: Health Research and Development Center, Banjarnegara
Corresponding Author : Sunaryo (yok_ban[at]yahoo.com) Cp.08122754138

Abstract
Background: Malaria is the most health problem in Purworejo District, especially the hilly areas which are bordered by Magelang District (Central Java Province) and Kulonprogo District (Yogyakarta Special Region) which are malaria endemic areas. The existence of malaria vector breeding habbits is nearby to settlements, and occurs every season resulting in transmission of malaria throughout the year. Purpose: Spatial mapping of malaria vector breeding habbits, thus help tracing and follow-up of malaria vector control interventions in malaria endemic areas. Methods: Survey and mapping used Global Positioning System of malaria vector breeding habbits and processed with ArcGIS, research location in Purworejo District, in April -November 2018 Results: Vector breeding habbits in the dry season are puddle along rivers and springs around settlements; small breeding, few water volume. The condition of the breeding habbits is shade from plants/trees. The appropriate intervention measures are action to flashing malaria vector breeding habbits, protection of springs and puddle larvasidation in the dry season. The use of mosquito nets for communities around the malaria vector breeding habbits . Conclusion: Malaria vector breeding habbits were identified could help the intervention action to control malaria by communitties, District Health Officer and it must be supported by the other programs and related sectors.

Keywords
Spatial, breeding habbits, malaria vector, Purworejo

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AFJkxu4CB2Nv

Corresponding Author
Jenita Donsu

Institutions
Jurusan Keperawatan Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

Abstract
Anxiety can impair the ability of cancer patients to run chemotherapy. Mindfulness training with meditation methods can improve empathy for self in activating affective, cognitive, moral, intra and interpersonal dimension so as to decrease anxiety especially in cancer patient who will undergo chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of mindfulness training in reducing anxiety in cancer patients with chemotherapy. The research method used Quasi experiment design with pretest and posttest control group design, in 60 samples taken at Indonesia Cancer Foundation in Yogyakarta, analyzed with Mann Whitney z distribution test for category ordinal and t-test data for experiment and control group differences. The results showed most of the characteristics of age >40 years and female gender with breast cancer type. Conclusions were obtained, mindfulness training can provide benefits for cancer patients in achieving relaxation in order to reduce anxiety when faced with treatment with chemotherapy action, thereby raising awareness to better accept the situation conditions that are happening. Suggestions that health care workers both nurses and doctors can train patients who experience anxiety in the face of chemotherapy or other invasive measures.

Keywords
Mindfulness, anxiety, cancer patients

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XrPZ9kUhacQz

Corresponding Author
Rauza Sukma Rita

Institutions
1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan No.94 PO BOX 49, Jati, Padang, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: rauzasukmarita[at]med.unand.ac.id
2) Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas, Padang, Indonesia
3) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

Abstract
Background : Diabetes melitus is metabolic diseases which characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormality of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. In diabetes melitus, either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism could be found. Green tea contains of a lot of antioxidant and may influenced lipoprotein metabolism. Purpose of this research was to determine the effect of green tea on LDL levels in diabetes mellitus rats. Purpose : Purpose of this research was to determine the effect of green tea drinking on triglyceride and total cholesterol serum levels in diabetes melitus rats. Methods : This research was an experimental research conducted on 27 male rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (negative control, positive control, and tretament group). Positive and treatment group were injected by alloxan (150 mg/kg BW), and treatment group were given green tea drinking with 3 doses (27 mg/200 g BW/day, 54 mg/200 g BW/day, and 81 mg/200 g BW/day) for four weeks. In the last day of research, blood were collected and triglyceride and total cholesterol serum level were examined Results : Green tea drinking decreased both triglyceride and total cholesterol serum level significantly compared to positive control group. Conclusion : Green tea drinking has a lowering effect on triglyceride and total cholesterol serum level in diabetes melitus

Keywords
green tea, chronic effect, alloxan, triglyceride, total cholesterol, diabetes melitus

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3kqxbZPV9cdn

Corresponding Author
Dwi Sarwani Sri Rejeki

Institutions
Jenderal Soedirman University

Abstract
Background : Climate has been considered as influential factor related to Malaria cases in several previous research. However there was still contradiction results in several countries. It is also interesting to find out the effect of intervention methods to Malaria since information about these variables are still limited. Purpose The aims of this research was to analyse the effect of climate and intervention method using model prediction. Methods : This research was analytic study with time series analysis in Menoreh ecosystem, Central Java, Indonesia. Several variables were collected such as temperature, rainfall, intervention methods (the use of mosquito nets, Indoor Residual Spraying, Mass Blodd Survey and number of Malaria cases. Data was collected during 2005-2015 (10 years). Data analysed by poisson regression to assess correlation between variables, and quasi poisson and negative binomial to determine the best model. Results : Result of this study showed that Malaria incidences were influenced by case finding through mass blood survey, and the number of malaria cases in previous month. While climate variables such as temperature and rainfall had no significant correlation with malaria incidence. Conclusion This modelling framework revealed that mass blood survey and the number of malaria cases influenced the malaria incidence. Indeed, it is important to conduct routine mass blood survey and active surveillance to monitor and predict the Malaria cases. Keywords : Climate, Malaria, Mass blood survey

Keywords
Climate, Malaria, Mass blood survey

Topic
Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AdHWnEDwYxjt

Corresponding Author
TRI PRABOWO

Institutions
Health Polytechnic of Health Ministry Yogyakarta
Tatabumi St. No. 3 Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman
Email: maryana_0775[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Background: Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that generally causes physiological symptoms such as trembling, sweating, increased heart rate and psychological symptoms. Preoperative anxiety causes an increase in postoperative pain, postoperative infections, progression of malignant tumors, and worsen postoperative conditions. The types of media used in learning can shape tangible experiences on the aimed learning. Purpose: To determine the effect of Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) on the level of anxiety of spinal preanesthesia in Sleman Hospital Yogyakarta. Method: The study was conducted with quasi-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design with control design. The treatment was giving video testimonials, using purposive sampling with a total of 42 respondents divided into intervention groups and comparison groups undergoing spinal anesthesia at Sleman Hospital Yogyakarta . Result: Anxiety level testing was done by paired t-test to determine the differences in groups in pairs obtaining significance value p value = 0,000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of the Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) affects the level of anxiety of spinal pre-anesthesia patients in Sleman Hospital Yogyakarta .

Keywords
Anxiety, SEFT, Spinal Anesthesia

Topic
COMMUNICABLE AND NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cgtWLxR9hXed